What is the term for unauthorized changes made to the content of a single web page or an entire website, changing its visual appearance?

What is the term for unauthorized changes made to the content of a single web page or an entire website, changing its visual appearance?

• A. Web Cache Poisoning Attack
• B. SQL Injection Attacks
• C. Web Defacement
• D. Cookie Tampering

Answer: (C)

Web defacement is unauthorized changes to a web page or site that alter its visual appearance. This happens when an attacker gains access or exploits vulnerabilities to replace or modify pages, logos, text, or imagery so visitors see a different look or message. It’s about altering what users see rather than extracting data. In contrast, web cache poisoning manipulates cached content a user receives without changing the original site, SQL injection targets databases by injecting malicious queries, and cookie tampering alters client-side cookies to misrepresent the user or session—none of which directly describe changing the page’s visuals.

Web defacement is unauthorized changes to a web page or site that alter its visual appearance. This happens when an attacker gains access or exploits vulnerabilities to replace or modify pages, logos, text, or imagery so visitors see a different look or message. It’s about altering what users see rather than extracting data. In contrast, web cache poisoning manipulates cached content a user receives without changing the original site, SQL injection targets databases by injecting malicious queries, and cookie tampering alters client-side cookies to misrepresent the user or session—none of which directly describe changing the page’s visuals.